buds. Compared to the prepupa, the pupa has longer, more developed wing buds and longer antennae that are curved back over the head. The prepupal and…
generations in one year. The European red mite overwinters in the egg stage; the “winter eggs” are laid in the wooden parts of the host plants in…
their name from the fact that the body of the females from the third nymphal instar onwards are covered with a white waxy material in the form of…
earthworms of the family Enchytraeidae. Life cycle and appearance of Lyprauta The adults of the three species can be distinguished by the wing pattern…
majalis Chafers General The chafers are beetles of the Scarabaeidae family. The larvae of both species live in the soil and feed on the roots of many…
skin, betraying their presence in the crop. The cotton aphid can be distinguished from other aphids by the colour of the two cornicles (siphunculi).…
Common asparagus beetle The life cycle of the asparagus beetle has the following stages: egg, 4 larval instars, a pupal instar and the adult beetle.…
occur on the underside of leaves where they pierce the cells and suck out the contents. The empty dead cells become yellow, and in many plants the…
worldwide. Important species are for instance the black cutworm Agrotis ipsilon and the turnip moth Agrotis segetum . The larvae of these moths…
improve the quality and shelf-life of these products. Pollination is the transfer of pollen from the anthers of the flower to the stigma of the…
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