General Pythium is considered a ‘weak pathogen’, meaning that it can usually only affect plants that are in a sub-optimal condition or suffer from…
in plants that have been weakened by some form of stress, from underfertilization to water stress (either too much or too little water), or that are…
tomato General Clavibacter is a quarantine organism in Europe, which means that strong efforts are used to prevent the bacterium from entering. When…
Angular leaf spot Xanthomonas fragariae overwinters in plants and dead leaves, that become the primary source of infection in the spring. The bacteria…
occur and cause different symptoms. Fusarium oxysporum is the only Fusarium that actually grows inside the vessel system of the host plant and spreads…
may occur and cause different symptoms. This species is the only Fusarium that actually grows inside the vascular system of the host plant and spreads…
(many years) in the soil as microsclerotia, small hard survival structures that can withstand high and low temperatures and dehydration. Verticillium…
(structures containing sporangia, a type of spores) with sporangia are formed that protrude through the stomata. Secondary infection is either by…
fuckeliana / Botrytis cinerea ) is a necrotrophic fungus, meaning that it excretes compounds that kill the plant cells and then uses the content of…
primordia. It only becomes visible after head emergence. The teliospores that are formed on systemically infected seeds then infect neighbouring new…
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